A water heater is easy to ignore until it fails and floods the floor. A little annual maintenance extends its life, keeps it efficient, and reduces the chance of a sudden failure.
Flush the tank
Sediment builds up in the bottom of a tank, reducing efficiency and shortening its life. Draining a few litres from the drain valve once a year clears sediment. Turn off the power or gas and let it cool before draining a tank fully.
Check the anode rod
The sacrificial anode rod corrodes so the tank doesn't. Inspecting and replacing a worn anode rod every few years can add years to the tank — one of the most overlooked maintenance items.
Test the relief valve
The temperature-and-pressure relief valve is a safety device. Lifting its lever briefly should release water; if it doesn't, or it drips constantly afterward, it needs replacing. Never cap or block this valve.
Set a sensible temperature
Around 49°C (120°F) balances scald safety and energy use for most homes, though higher settings reduce bacteria risk in some tanks. Lowering an overly hot tank saves energy and prevents burns.