Small cracks in concrete are normal as it cures and the ground shifts, but water getting into them freezes, expands, and makes them worse. Sealing cracks early keeps a slab lasting much longer.
Clean the crack
Chip out any loose, crumbling concrete and clear debris and dust from the crack with a brush or shop vac. Filler bonds far better to a clean, sound surface.
Fill it
For hairline and small cracks, a concrete crack sealant or patching compound works. For wider cracks, a backer rod pushed in first gives the sealant something to bond to without sinking. Tool it flush and let it cure.
When a crack is serious
Hairline cracks are cosmetic, but wide cracks with one side higher than the other, cracks that keep growing, or cracks in a foundation wall can signal settlement or structural movement and warrant a professional assessment.